The subordination of lowlevel construal aspects to highlevel construal aspects entails an asymmetry in the conditional importance of these two types of aspects eyal, et al. Article accepted version refereed voyer, benjamin g. Lastly, self construal is how the individual views the self in comparison to the others. Construal itself is a broad concept in the realm of social psychology and can be applied to many different situations that will be discussed later in this article. In four experiments using two different priming techniques, we manipulated construal levels and assessed their effects on moral judgment. View construal level theory research papers on academia. Construal level and procrastination, 2 abstract according to construal level theory, events that are distant in time tend to be represented more abstractly than are events that are close in time. The role of construal levels and social goodwill volume 30 issue 1 diego costa pinto, adilson.
Temporal distance as a determinant of construal related phenomena. The present research investigated whether digital and nondigital platforms activate differing default levels of cognitive construal. However, construal level theory suggests that truth ratings can be influenced without varying repetition, the wording, or the readability of the product claims. Based on the four dimensions of psychological distance, this paper uses single factor withinsubjects experiment design and randomly assigns subjects into each dimension to participate in the experimental manipulation so as to test. Construal level theory, developed by trope and liberman 2010, has captured the inter est of social psychology researchers in recent years. Construallevel theory explains how psychological distance influences mental representation i. The principle of temporal construal suggests that temporal distance may moderate various other phenomena related to level of construal.
Toward a better understanding of self construal theory. To help do so, they can be viewed through construallevel theory clt, which explains why we may have. In contrast, when the same action is construed at a low level, a person focuses more on its feasibility and how to achieve the goal. The construal level theory holds that the same mechanism exists in all categories of psychological distance, and there is a same selfcentered reference point in different psychological distance dimensions, which is similar the representfor a. Events that are rare in our experience will be represented by highlevel construals, and we will expect. Construallevel theory of psychological distance department of. The theory that underlies my hypotheses integrates the preceding two notions, namely, a a high low construal level increases the relative importance assigned to desirability feasibility aspects of ethicsrelated situations, and b a focus on desirability aspects encourages unethical behavior by fostering a desire to attain endstates. A central assumption in construal level theory is that when people infer distance from construal level, estimates for different forms of distance normally go together. We then document construal level effects in consumer compensation choices and recovery effectiveness across six studies. Level of construal is the meaning of events, scenarios, or objects depending on how representations are formed. The influence of psychological distance on ambiguity. The interplay between regulatory state, temporal distance, and construal levels according to the classic construal level theory clt.
Effects on representation, prediction, evaluation, and behavior offer insightful theoretical extensions and practical applications of construal level theory clt. Drawing upon construal level theory and technology acceptance model, this study proposes that users construal level of an elearning system interacts with their perceptions of the system i. This asymmetry suggests that the importance of such lowlevel aspects depends on the value of the highlevel aspects more than the. We also examine novel predictions of clt with respect to the place of values and principles in peoples lives. Construal level theory explains some important findings. Toward a better understanding of selfconstrual theory. Title from pdf of title page university of missouricolumbia, viewed on august 29, 20. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between individual differences in construal level and selfcontrol, including procrastination, as well as to examine the moderating role of the belief in a particular theory of intelligence on the relationship between construal level and procrastination. To develop our conceptual framework and hypotheses, we draw on construal level theory trope and liberman 2003, 2010.
Construallevel theory of psychological distance yaacov trope new york university nira liberman tel aviv university people are capable of thinking about the future, the past, remote locations, another person s perspective, and counterfactual alternatives. Coping and construal level matching drives health message. Two initial randomized experiments revealed that individuals who completed the same information processing task on a digital mobile device a tablet or laptop computer versus a nondigital platform a physical printout exhibited a lower level of construal. This article proposes that construal level moderates consumer evaluation of different appeals emotional vs. Construal level theory trope and liberman 2003 posits that construing a goaldirected action at a high level enables attention to be focused on why the goal is important.
Pdf construallevel theory of psychological distance. Activation of highlevel construal that captures global, superordinate, and primary features of an event could result in more selfcontrol than activation of lowlevel construal that captures local, subordinate, or. This study investigates user acceptance of a new elearning system when users can choose between the old and the new systems. Temporal distance as a determinant of construalrelated phenomena. Construal level theory also states that when there is a change in distance in one of these dimensions, the other dimensions also change in the same direction i. Clt assumes that people mentally construe objects that are psychologically near in terms of lowlevel, detailed, and contextualized. Without denying the uniqueness of each process, it is proposed that they. Cltstates that when individuals make decisions under a high construal level, they are more likely to invoke central. Construal itself is a broad concept in the realm of social psychology and can be applied to many different situations that will be. This would suggest that selfconstrual influences a persons selfesteem. The public perception of climate change as abstract and distant may undermine climate action.
Temporal construal theory in social psychology iresearchnet. Levinsagi 2006 demonstrated that higher level construal might improve self control. Construal level theory is a socialcognitive theory which is particularly suitable for explaining and predicting the effects of perceived distance on behavior in virtual teams and organizations. Construallevel mindsets and the perceived validity of. A mere visual antecedent or prime of construal level is quite unique in consumer research and construal level theory.
At the core of the proposed theory is a functional approach to construal levels, according to which mental construal processes serve to traverse psychological distances and switch between proximal and distal. Rather, granting the status of clt as a leading contemporary theory, with rich implications and applications in consumer science, i concentrate on recent phenomena in judgment and decision making for which clt provides an implicit account. Selfconstrual is thought of as an individuallevel cultural orientation and is theorized to mediate and explain the effects of culture on a variety of social behaviors. We incessantly travel from the past to the future and have no control over time. Lastly, selfconstrual is how the individual views the self in comparison to the others. Pdf construal level theory and fear of crime researchgate. Construal level theory clt is a theory in social psychology that describes the relation. The general idea is that the more distant an object is from the individual, the more abstract it will be thought of, while. Insofar as the sensorimotor information responsible for grounding cognition constitutes an incidental and thus low level feature of a situation, it should exert less influence from an abstract or high level vs. The moderating role of construal level on the evaluation of. This mental association between level of abstractness and temporal distance is proposed to be a bidirectional relationship, such that. Sep 10, 2014 this article proposes that construal level moderates consumer evaluation of different appeals emotional vs. Construal level theory clt posits that the same event or.
In particular, construal level theory holds that individuals construe social situations on a concrete level, or an abstract level, and that an abstract construal level triggers values and valuerelated traits to be more influential on behavior. Construal level theory clt proposes that we do so by forming abstract mental construals of distal objects. Going beyond this earlier theory, we now treat temporal construal theory as a special case of a general theory of psychological distance. Construallevel theory of psychological distance pdf. Construal level theory and spatial distance usc marshall. Construal level theory suggests that events and objects can be represented at either a higher, more abstract level involving consideration of superordinate goals, desirability, global processing, and broad categorizations or a lower, more concrete level involving consideration of. Self construal is thought of as an individual level cultural orientation and is theorized to mediate and explain the effects of culture on a variety of social behaviors. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between individual differences in construal level and selfcontrol, including procrastination, as well as to examine the moderating role of the belief in a particular theory of intelligence on the relationship between construal level. Although construal level theory clt points to similarities across the dimensions of psychological distance, there are also important differences among the dimensions, as noted by lynch and zauberman as well as by fiedler. Events that are rare in our experience will be represented by high level construals, and we will expect them to occur at remote locations and in the distant future. Previous work has established a link between psychological distance and climate action, but the associated role. We conclude by addressing our contributions and managerial implications. We were inspired and challenged by the commentaries to elaborate on a number of issues.
At the core of the proposed theory is a functional approach to construal levels, according to which mental construal processes serve to traverse psychological. We then document construallevel effects in consumer compensation choices and recovery effectiveness across six studies. People are capable of thinking about the future, the past, remote locations, another. To develop our conceptual framework and hypotheses, we draw on construallevel theory trope and liberman 2003, 2010.
Rather, granting the status of clt as a leading contemporary theory, with rich implications and applications in consumer science, i concentrate on recent phenomena in judgment. The levels of abstraction are divided into low and highlevel construal, where the. The role of construal levels and social goodwill volume 30 issue 1 diego costa pinto, adilson borges, marcia maurer herter, mario boto ferreira. According to construal level theory, whether a phenomenon is perceived as psychologically distant or close is associated with whether it is construed as abstract or concrete, respectively. Activation of high level construal that captures global, superordinate, and primary features of an event could result in more selfcontrol than activation of low level construal that captures local, subordinate, or secondary features. Low level construal is associated with close psychological distance. Specific to selfefficacy, we propose that the low construal level of the message will enhance selfefficacy because a low construal level message typically delineates how people can perform the proposed actions in the ad trope and liberman 2003, 2010, making it easier for individuals to follow the actions suggested in the ad and consequently. The effect of temporal distance on level of mental construal. The amount of spatial or geographical distance that exists. An example of construal level effects would be that although planning ones next summer. Construal level theory clt is an account of how psychological distance influences individuals thoughts and behavior. Citeseerx construallevel theory of psychological distance.
Pdf construallevel theory of psychological distance nira. Construal level theory explains how psychological distance influences mental representation i. The three commentaries on our paper construal levels and psychological distance. Construal level theory of psychological distance yaacov trope new york university nira liberman tel aviv university people are capable of thinking about the future, the past, remote locations, another person s perspective, and counterfactual alternatives. However, construallevel theory suggests that truth ratings can be influenced without varying repetition, the wording, or the readability of the product claims. In previous research, primes of construal are mostly. Lowlevel construal is associated with close psychological distance. Construal level theory and consumer behavior liberman. Hjcp construal level theory as an integrative framework for. Construal level theory is a theory that perceives that the further the psychological distance between a person and an object or event, the higher the level of abstraction will be. The entire thesis text is included in the research. Pdf construal level theory of psychological distance clt is a social psychological theory that explores the mechanisms that people use to. The article shows how this theory can contribute to a better understanding of the actions and interactions of individuals in distributed and virtual. Trope and liberman 2003, 2010 to understand when and why intangible versus tangible attributes would be more influential in service evaluation.
The influence of psychological distance on ambiguity decision. Citeseerx document details isaac councill, lee giles, pradeep teregowda. One avenue to help students reach educational goals is implementation intentions, a tool encouraging planning the when, where, and how of goaloriented actions gollwitzer, 1999. Construal level theory clt is a theory in social psychology that describes the relation between psychological distance and the extent to which peoples thinking e. Consumer reliance on intangible versus tangible attributes in. This would suggest that self construal influences a persons selfesteem. Effect of individual differences in construal level on. A central proposition of temporal construal theory is that psychologically distant objects or events evoke mental representations, or construals, that capture the general and essential features of the objects or events i. Highlevel consturals elicited less moral outrage toward transgressions and less positive ratings of virtuous behaviors than lowlevel construals. Levinsagi 2006 demonstrated that higherlevel construal might improve self control. Selfcontrol is enhanced when individuals are able to see the proverbial forest beyond the trees. Based on the construal level theory, this paper investigates the influence of different dimensions of psychological distance on the ambiguity decision making.
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